Metallurgical coke is an important raw material for pig iron production in the blast furnace. During this process the coke undergoes severe mechanical, thermal and chemical stresses. One of these is the CO2-gasification which may lead to a decisive mechanical weakening of the lump coke by increased carbon burn-off. The CO2-reactivity is influenced by different parameters as e.g. temperature, gas composition and catalytic effects.

Introduction:

Metallurgical coke, along with iron ore (iron oxides) and limestone, is layered into a blast furnace to convert the iron ore to metallic iron. The coke, which is mostly carbon, reacts with the blast air to produce carbon monoxide, which in turn reacts with the iron oxide to produce carbon dioxide and metallic iron. In the reaction zone of the blast furnace, where the iron oxide is converted to gas and liquid iron and the limestone fluxing agent is melted, the coke is the only solid material and is thus required to support the burden in the furnace and maintain permeability for the blast air.

Metallurgical coke is usually manufactured in a coke oven that is typically 6 meters high, 15 meters deep, and a half meter wide. The ovens are arranged in batteries of up to 100 ovens stacked together. The oven walls are gas heated, and a normal coal charge is 15 to 30 tons. The coal charge is heated to about 1,000°C and converted to coke in about 18 hours. The volatile matter in the coal is driven off as gases and tars and collected to be used as byproduct chemicals.

Petroleum coke is made from the residues left from refining. Delayed coke is made when the residue feedstocks are pumped into drums and held for 24 hours. Fluid coke is produced when petroleum residue feedstocks are sprayed into a fluidized bed reactor.

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Application:

coke’s applications include for example: friction materials, conductive flooring, foundry coatings, corrosion materials, foundry carbon raiser, reducing agents, drilling applications, ceramic packing media, heat-treatment, oxygen exclusion and electrolytic processes.